検索キーワード： "c" 哲学

What, exactly, is post-truth? Is it wishful thinking, political spin, mass delusion, bold-faced lying? McIntyre analyzes recent examples - claims about inauguration crowd size, crime statistics, and the popular vote - and finds that post-truth is an assertion of ideological supremacy by which its practitioners try to compel someone to believe something regardless of the evidence. Yet post-truth didn't begin with the 2016 election; the denial of scientific facts about smoking, evolution, vaccines, and climate change offers a road map for more widespread fact denial.

Vividly written, The Infidel and the Professor is a compelling account of a great friendship of two towering Enlightenment thinkers that had great consequences for modern thought. David Hume is widely regarded as the most important philosopher ever to write in English, but during his lifetime, he was attacked as "the Great Infidel" for his skeptical religious views and deemed unfit to teach the young. In contrast, Adam Smith was a revered professor of moral philosophy and is now often hailed as the founding father of capitalism.

Can we human beings agree on a set of values which will allow us to confront the numerous threats that we and our planet face? Or will we continue our disagreements, rivalries, and antipathies, even as we collectively approach what, in the not impossible extreme, might be extinction? To answer these questions, A. C. Grayling considers the three most pressing challenges facing the world: climate change, technology, and justice.

David Hume es considerado el filósofo en lengua inglesa más importante que jamás haya existido. Sin embargo, en vida se le atacó por su escepticismo religioso, se le llamó el Gran Infiel y se le consideró inapto para instruir a los jóvenes. Adam Smith, en cambio, fue un profesor reverenciado de filosofía moral y a menudo se le ensalza como padre fundador del capitalismo. Lo más asombroso, con todo, es que los dos mantuvieron, según lo define Rasmussen, la amistad más grande que se conoce entre dos filósofos.

First he considers moments in history - Periclean Athens, the English Civil War, the American and French Revolutions, among them - in which the challenges we face today were first encountered and what solutions, however imperfect, were found. Then he lays bare the specific problems of democracy in the 21st century and maps out a set of urgently needed reforms. With the advent of authoritarian leaders and the simultaneous rise of populism, representative democracy appears to be caught between a rock and a hard place, yet it is this space that it must occupy, says Grayling, if a civilised society that looks after all its people is to flourish.

While people used to conceal the fact that they were gay or lesbian to protect themselves from stigma and discrimination, it is now commonplace for people to "come out" and encourage others to do so as well. Come Out, Come Out, Whoever You Are systematically examines how coming out has moved beyond gay and lesbian rights groups and how different groups wrestle with the politics of coming out in their efforts to resist stigma and enact social change. It shows how different experiences and disparate risks of disclosure shape these groups' collective strategies.

"Il contratto sociale" del 1762 conteneva la proposta politica di Rousseau per la rifondazione della società sulla base di un patto equo - costitutivo del popolo come corpo sovrano, solo detentore del potere legislativo e suddito di sé stesso. Opera controversa e fonte inesauribile di aspri dibattiti sin dalla sua prima comparsa, "Il contratto sociale" impose Rousseau come uno tra i principali pensatori dell'Illuminismo francese. Trattato filosofico-politico, senz'altro uno dei maggiori mai scritti, in esso l'autore affronta il problema fondamentale del rapporto tra individuo e società.

James Scott taught us what's wrong with seeing like a state. Now, in his most accessible and personal book to date, the acclaimed social scientist makes the case for seeing like an anarchist. Inspired by the core anarchist faith in the possibilities of voluntary cooperation without hierarchy, Two Cheers for Anarchism is an engaging, high-spirited, and often very funny defense of an anarchist way of seeing - one that provides a unique and powerful perspective on everything from everyday social and political interactions to mass protests and revolutions.

The 2015 winner of the Brown Democracy Medal, Joan C. Tronto, argues in Who Cares? that we need to rethink American democracy, as well as our own fundamental values and commitments, from a caring perspective. Asserting that Americans are facing a "caring deficit" - that there are simply too many demands on our time to care adequately for children, elderly people, and ourselves - she asks us to reconsider how we allocate care responsibilities.

Seit dem 24. Februar 2022 ringt die Bundesrepublik um ihre Haltung zu Krieg, Rüstung und Militär. Was kann die deutsche Armee? Was muss sie können? Wieso ist sie in dem Zustand, in dem sie sich befindet? Sönke Neitzel erzählt die Geschichte der Bundeswehr seit 1955, verfolgt ihre Wandlungen und analysiert die Herausforderungen der Gegenwart.

A Progressive's Case for Bitcoin is for everyone who is starting to learn about Bitcoin, and wants to understand the reality behind the buzz. Exploring the value proposition of Bitcoin through a progressive lens, Maier's book explores why Bitcoin is good for the environment, how it helps poor and marginalized communities, and why Bitcoin serves as a protest against too-big-to-fail banks: all the people-centric reasons Bitcoin was created in the first place.

Ende Februar 1917: In den Palästen Petrograds wird getanzt und in den Opern gesungen, während sich auf den Straßen die Proteste ausweiten und die staatliche Ordnung in Bedrängnis gerät. Doch weil der Innenminister glaubt, alles im Griff zu haben, verlässt der Zar mit seinem glamourösen Hofzug die Hauptstadt. Er sollte sie nie wieder betreten, denn jetzt beschleunigen sich die Ereignisse. In einem alles mitreißenden Strudel geht das Zarenreich unter und mit ihm alle Alternativen, die Rußland in eine andere Zukunft geführt hätten.

Dieses Buch bringt uns die Hannah Arendt nahe, die wir für das 21. Jahrhundert brauchen. Es erzählt, wie die charismatische Philosophin zu ihrem eigenen, sehr besonderen Denken kam, und erklärt, wie wir denken sollten, wenn unsere Politik aus den Fugen gerät. Mit Leidenschaft und brillanter Expertise beleuchtet Lyndsey Stonebridge Arendts Leben und Werk, bringt sie in einen Dialog mit unserer unruhigen Gegenwart – und fordert uns dazu auf, so zu denken wie Hannah Arendt: unerschütterlich, liebevoll und trotzig.

Drawing inspiration from philosophy, history, and literature, Martha C. Nussbaum takes us to task for our religious intolerance, identifies the fear behind it, and offers a way past fear toward a more equitable, imaginative, and free society, through the consistent application of universal principles of respect for conscience.

If a country's Gross Domestic Product increases each year, but so does the percentage of its people deprived of basic education, health care, and other opportunities, is that country really making progress? If we rely on conventional economic indicators, can we ever grasp how the world's billions of individuals are really managing? In this powerful critique, Martha Nussbaum argues that our dominant theories of development have given us policies that ignore our most basic human needs for dignity and self-respect.

Martha C. Nussbaum turns her attention to the political crisis that has polarized American since the 2016 election. Although today’s atmosphere is marked by partisanship and divisive rhetoric, Nussbaum focuses on what so many pollsters and pundits have overlooked: The political is always emotional. Globalization has produced feelings of powerlessness in millions in the West. That sense of powerlessness bubbles into resentment and blame. While this politics of blame is exemplified by the election of Trump and the Brexit vote, Nussbaum argues it can be found on the left and the right.

I rather anticipate that superficial critics who do not like the argument of this essay will accuse it of pessimism, a charge which perhaps means little more than that they do not like it. If it is called "pessimism" to point out the methods by which men may escape destruction, because men do not care to adopt them, I suppose it must be "optimism" to rush violently and open-eyed down a precipice, and to expect to be saved by a miracle. Certainly such would appear to be the belief upon which human affairs are at present conducted.

In this powerful collection of interviews, Noam Chomsky exposes the problems of our world today, as we stand in this period of monumental change, preparing for a more hopeful tomorrow. He sheds light into the phenomenon of right-wing populism and exposes the catastrophic nature and impact of authoritarian policies on people, the environment and the planet as a whole. He captures the dynamics of the brutal class warfare launched by the masters of capital to maintain and even enhance the features of a dog-eat-dog society.

We have two choices. We can be pessimistic, give up and help ensure that the worst will happen. Or we can be optimistic, grasp the opportunities that surely exist and maybe help make the world a better place. Not much of a choice. Another essential work from a peerless political thinker, exploring the rise of neoliberalism, the refugee crisis in Europe, the Black Lives Matter movement, the dysfunctional US electoral system and the prospects and challenges of building a movement for radical change.

In this Pocket Guide to Postmodernism, author Andrew Colgan, PhD, explores the fundamental premises and ideas of postmodernism by summarizing and interpreting Explaining Postmodernism: Skepticism and Socialism from Rousseau to Foucault by Stephen Hicks, PhD. In his discussion of the philosophical foundations of this intellectual movement, Colgan presents a concise guide into the views of one of the most influential schools of the 20th century and its real-life consequences.