『Ten years after the Paris Climate Agreement』のカバーアート

Ten years after the Paris Climate Agreement

Ten years after the Paris Climate Agreement

著者： RFI English
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概要

This eight-part podcast series examining the Paris Agreement ten years on, featuring global climate leaders discussing progress, challenges, and the dramatic shift in power towards emerging economies. The series explores how multilateral cooperation has evolved despite geopolitical fractures, from industrial transformation and innovative financing to the changing rules of climate leadership. The podcast is based on 28 interviews carried out globally by independent journalist Sophie Larmoyer on behalf of IDDRI, the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations.The series is co-produced in English by RFI and IDDRI.

France Médias Monde 政治・政府 政治学
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  • Episode Seven: civil society, a driving force for change?

    Episode Seven: civil society, a driving force for change?
    2026/02/09
    This eight-part podcast series examines the Paris Agreement ten years on, featuring global climate leaders discussing progress, challenges, and the dramatic shift in power towards emerging economies. The series explores how multilateral cooperation has evolved despite geopolitical fractures, from industrial transformation and innovative financing to the changing rules of climate leadership. This episode focuses on the role of civil society as a force for change. The podcast is based on 28 interviews carried out globally by journalist Sophie Larmoyer on behalf of IDDRI, the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations. Ten years after the Paris Agreement, the narrative of widespread public rejection of climate action appears to be more media construction than reality. Despite claims of a powerful anti-environmental backlash, particularly in Europe following the 2024 parliamentary elections, opinion polls reveal a starkly different picture. Episode One: behind the scenes of a historic agreement In France, recent polling shows 84 percent hold positive views of renewable energy, with 81% even supporting renewable infrastructure near their homes. The infamous Duplomb law, which sought to ease environmental constraints on agriculture, prompted a record-breaking petition with over two million signatures demanding its repeal. The disconnect between perceived opposition and actual public sentiment reflects what analysts describe as political instrumentalisation. Sébastien Treyer, director of IDDRI, notes that far-right parties are "using the ecological transition as a dividing line to try to attract voters" rather than responding to genuine grassroots resistance. Episode Two: the decarbonisation quest Laurent Fabius, who presided over COP21, identifies two neglected aspects: "the education and training aspect and the social justice aspect." He warns that without people believing change is possible for them, "the answer is no." The concept of just transition, long overlooked, has emerged as essential to maintaining public support. The European Green Deal's ambitious environmental targets failed to adequately address social impacts. Antoine Oger of the Institute for European Environmental Policy calls this "potentially one of the strongest" criticisms of the policy. The challenge of balancing decarbonisation with social protection plays out differently across contexts. Sonja Klinsky, who teaches at the University of Arizona, observes that Americans struggling economically see climate action as financial loss, making cheap petrol promises "more important on a daily level than potential long-term risk." In South Africa, 90,000 coal miners face unemployment as the country phases out fossil fuels. Sébastien Treyer describes how "the poorest members of the Black community" remain trapped in mining sector dependence, making decarbonisation "a co-benefit of a policy that should above all be a social policy." Episode Three: energy, the key to success India has identified 28 new value chains, from renewable energy to bamboo cultivation. Arunabha Ghosh of the CEEW research institute explains that just transition means "a people-centric approach towards better economic empowerment" that could create a million jobs by 2030. Even Germany's €40 billion transformation fund for coal-mining regions has sparked controversy. Civil society groups argue these relatively well-paid miners have received disproportionate support compared to workers in precarious employment facing equally difficult transitions. Youth movements have injected new urgency into climate politics. The Fridays for Future movement, born from Greta Thunberg's school strikes, now claims 14 million participants across 7,500 cities worldwide. Luisa Neubauer, who led major demonstrations in Germany, recalls the Paris Agreement arriving "almost like a big hug" promising safety for young people. Her disillusionment came upon discovering new coal power plants planned after Paris was signed, prompting the youth climate movement. Episode Four: climate crises - the urgency to adapt These movements face increasing criminalisation in countries like Britain. Rob Hopkins describes "an astonishing attack on civil liberties" as protests against fossil fuel expansion become increasingly difficult under recent governments aligned with oil and gas industries. Indigenous peoples, custodians of approximately 80 percent of the planet's biodiversity, have gained modest recognition since 2015. Their sustainable land management practices show significantly lower deforestation rates than Western private ownership models, offering lessons for climate adaptation strategies. Trade unions have emerged as crucial actors, particularly in coal-dependent nations. Poland's strategic manoeuvring on just transition demonstrates how organised labour can shape transition pathways, with international union confederations developing sophisticated doctrines on fair climate action....
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    37 分
  • Episode Six: finance, the heart of the matter

    Episode Six: finance, the heart of the matter
    2026/02/01
    This eight-part podcast series examines the Paris Agreement ten years on, featuring global climate leaders discussing progress, challenges, and the dramatic shift in power towards emerging economies. The series explores how multilateral cooperation has evolved despite geopolitical fractures, from industrial transformation and innovative financing to the changing rules of climate leadership. This episode focuses on finance and explains why money remains the central issue in the fight against climate change. The podcast is based on 28 interviews carried out globally by journalist Sophie Larmoyer on behalf of IDDRI, the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations. Rich countries pledged $100 billion annually in 2009 to help developing nations tackle climate change. By COP29 in 2024, that target rose to $300 billion. Yet experts now say we need $1.3 trillion per year. Episode Five: How to face climate challenges in a fragmented world? The gap is stark. As UN Secretary-General António Guterres warned in summer 2025: "Africa is home to 60% of the world's best solar resources, but it received just 2% of global clean energy investment last year." For many developing countries, ambitious climate plans remain theoretical without funding. Sudanese activist Nisreen Elsaim puts it simply: "There's always money to develop this piece of paper, but there is never money to actually implement it." Private capital: essential but uneven Private investment must drive the transition, yet it flows unevenly. Renewable energy projects in Africa face risk premiums four times higher than identical projects in Europe. Without public guarantees to "de-risk" these investments, developing countries pay the price. Episode Four: climate crises - the urgency to adapt India shows how markets can shift. When the country launched its solar programme in the 2010s, private finance was scarce. Today, it attracts around $50 billion annually in clean energy investment, mostly from private sources. Loss and damage: a breakthrough unfulfilled After 30 years of advocacy, COP28 in Dubai established a Loss and Damage Fund in 2023, addressing the irreversible impacts of climate change. Over the past two decades, the 55 most vulnerable countries have suffered about $580 billion in climate damages. Episode Three: energy, the key to success Yet two years after its creation, the fund hasn't reached $1 billion. Contributions remain voluntary. Reforming the old order The World Bank and International Monetary Fund, created in 1944, now face calls for fundamental reform. Their governance structures remain locked in by northern countries and are seen as inadequate for today's climate emergency. Barbados Prime Minister Mia Mottley has led the charge with her "Bridgetown Agenda", demanding wholesale reform. The scale of action required isn't hundreds of billions, she argues, but thousands of billions annually. Episode Two: the decarbonisation quest Meanwhile, new players have emerged. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the BRICS New Development Bank, both based in China, represent alternative governance models that are already functioning. New tools for new challenges Innovative mechanisms are emerging. "Just Energy Transition Partnerships" provide tailored funding for countries like South Africa and Vietnam to shift away from fossil fuels whilst supporting affected workers. Episode One: behind the scenes of a historic agreement There's growing momentum for new taxes targeting major polluters. A working group led by Laurence Tubiana is exploring levies on aviation, shipping, fossil fuel production and cryptocurrency mining. She calculates that a tax on first and business class airline tickets plus a modest $1 levy per barrel of oil "amounts to at least $500 billion per year." As Brazilian climate official Ana Toni notes: "Who is polluting should be paying." The tools exist. The question is whether political will can match the scale of the crisis. Listen to this episode to find out.
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    35 分
  • Episode Five: How to face climate challenges in a fragmented world?

    Episode Five: How to face climate challenges in a fragmented world?
    2026/01/24
    This eight-part podcast series examining the Paris Agreement ten years on, featuring global climate leaders discussing progress, challenges, and the dramatic shift in power towards emerging economies. The series explores how multilateral cooperation has evolved despite geopolitical fractures, from industrial transformation and innovative financing to the changing rules of climate leadership. This episode examines how the optimistic "Spirit of Paris" from the 2015 COP21 climate summit has dissipated amid years of geopolitical disruption and global instability. The podcast is based on 28 interviews carried out globally by journalist Sophie Larmoyer on behalf of IDDRI, the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations. The optimistic "Spirit of Paris" from COP21 in 2015 has dissipated. A decade on, geopolitical fractures threaten the universal climate cooperation that underpinned the Paris Agreement. War and Energy "Russia's invasion of Ukraine changed everything," explains Laurence Tubiana of the European Climate Foundation. "Oil-producing countries took over the discussion, saying 'energy security is us.' And that changed everything." The resulting crisis, coupled with rising populism and declining democracy, has pushed climate ambition into the background. Brazilian researcher Sergio Gusmao Suchodolski notes that whilst over 50% of countries operated democratically twenty years ago, "less than 27% of countries adopt democracy as a system" today. Episode Four: climate crises - the urgency to adapt Science Under Attack Donald Trump's return to the US presidency exemplifies the assault on climate action. "They are taking apart the architecture of what we need to track climate change," warns Sonja Klinsky of the University of Arizona. "Removing funding for science, pulling websites down, defunding meteorological organizations. I cannot stress enough how destructive this administration is being." German activist Luisa Neubauer connects the patterns: "Those who are destroying our climate are destroying our democracies alike. For them it's all the same, so for us it must become a shared struggle." Episode Three: energy, the key to success Broken Promises Meanwhile, developing countries feel squeezed. "Climate policy is often seen as something imposed by the rich countries who put all their emissions into the air and has now come to tell us what to do," explains Hilton Trollip of the University of Cape Town. Indian researcher Arunabha Ghosh adds: "It's like you're dating someone for 10 years and your promises are not being kept. How much longer will you carry on in that kind of relationship?" Episode Two: the decarbonisation quest Yet experts insist progress remains possible. "The United States is one country," notes Klinsky. "We're giving them way more power than they deserve. There have been many times when they haven't been a strong climate leader. And yet multilateralism has continued." Brazil's Ana Toni, director general of COP30, calls for honest reassessment: "The multilateral system reflects the countries of the past. The world has changed totally. We need this refresh. Not being afraid to say we need to improve because international cooperation needs to change as well." Episode One: behind the scenes of a historic agreement Ten years after Paris, can climate action adapt to this new geopolitical reality whilst maintaining its universal ambition? That's the question this episode explores.
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    32 分
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