Spatio-temporal Analysis of Electric Field Induced Solid State Reduction Dynamics of Graphene Oxide Thin Films for Controlled Bandgap Modulation

N. Prasad, S. Tanwar, S. Mukhopadhyay and T. Kundu

J. Phys. Chem. C 124, 21874-21885 (2020)

An electric field-induced reduction mechanism studied for tuning the band gap of graphene oxide thin films in a two-electrode configuration on a SiO2/Si substrate is presented. During the reduction, temporal changes in the sheet resistance and optical band gap of the film were monitored and the correlation between these parameters in this solid state chemical reaction was established. As the reduction progresses, three different kinds of temporal dependence of electrical characteristics were observed. Further, from spatio-temporal analysis of the reduction of graphene oxide in such a disordered system, an analytical model was developed to describe the time dynamics of the reduction process. This model provides the flexibility for in situ monitoring the band gap of the material in terms of sheet resistance during the reduction, hence allowing device optimization for different applications. It is envisaged that this reduced graphene oxide-based tunable platform may find enormous potential for various electronic and optoelectronic applications.

This podcast, titled "The Digital Harvest: Modernizing Indian Agriculture Through Artificial Intelligence," explores the critical intersection of traditional farming and the digital revolution in India. Known as the "Land of Agriculture," India relies on farming for the livelihoods of more than half its population, yet its farmers are currently battling a complex array of environmental and economic hurdles.

Throughout the episodes, we delve into the most pressing challenges facing the agricultural sector in 2026, including:

• Climate Change: How unpredictable weather patterns and irregular monsoons lead to crop failures and financial loss.
• Pests and Disease: The struggle to identify plant diseases before substantial damage occurs.
• Resource Management: Navigating rising cultivation costs, water scarcity, and the inefficiencies of fragmented land holdings.
• Market Barriers: Overcoming market price volatility and a lack of cold chain infrastructure that leads to food wastage and reduced income.

The podcast highlights Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a transformative solution rather than a luxury. We examine how AI-powered tools—accessible through simple smartphone images—can provide early disease detection, smart irrigation optimization, and data-driven market intelligence to help farmers decide exactly when and where to sell their produce.

Join us as we discuss the shift toward a digitally empowered agricultural future, where platforms like PhytoLens AI are helping create a more resilient, sustainable, and profitable ecosystem for millions of farmers

🌿 Do plants “talk” to each other?Surprisingly — yes.

Recent scientific discoveries reveal that plants are far more intelligent and interconnected than we once imagined. When plants are stressed, diseased, attacked by insects, or facing drought, they send warning signals to neighboring plants through:🌱 Airborne chemical signals🌱 Underground fungal networks (“Wood Wide Web”)🌱 Electrical signaling🌱 Root exudates and microbial interactions.

These hidden communication systems help plants prepare defenses, share nutrients, and survive environmental challenges together. In this podcast, I explore the fascinating science behind plant communication and how emerging technologies like AI, hyperspectral imaging, biosensors, and precision agriculture are helping us decode this invisible language of nature.

🔬 This research could transform:

✔ Early disease detection

✔ Sustainable agriculture

✔ Smart farming systems

✔ Climate-resilient crops

✔ AI-driven plant health monitoring

Plants may be silent to us — but beneath the soil and through the air, an extraordinary biological conversation is constantly taking place.