High above Castleton, the ruins of Peveril Castle overlook the Hope Valley — a fortress less defined by battles than by law, revenue, and administration. Built in the aftermath of the Norman Conquest, Peveril became a centre of feudal authority: managing land, lead, markets, and justice from a vantage point designed for visibility and control.

In this episode, we explore how Peveril Castle governed more through paperwork than warfare, how its power declined without drama, and how the Romantic age transformed a legal instrument into a picturesque ruin with one of the most commanding views in Derbyshire.

*Hidden Derbyshire: Landscapes of Time*

A documentary storytelling podcast about the places where history, folklore, and landscape intersect.

**Primary Archaeology & Landscape Sources**

* **Barnatt, John** (1990). *The Henges, Stone Circles and Ringcairns of the Peak District*.

— Includes Nine Ladies & Stanton Moor cairn complex.

* **Barnatt & Collis (eds.)** (1996). *Barrows in the Peak District*.

— Covers cairns, ring cairns, typology, and landscape sequencing.

* **Barnatt & Smith** (2004). *The Peak District: Landscapes Through Time*.

— Essential landscape archaeology context.

* **Derbyshire Archaeological Journal** (19th–20th c. volumes).

— Antiquarian field notes, early measurements, cairn mapping.

* **Historic England Scheduling Notes** — Nine Ladies + King Stone + associated cairns.

— Official designation, context, and landscape assessment.

**Chronology Notes**

* Assigned to **Late Neolithic / Early Bronze Age (c. 2200–1500 BC)** via:

✔ comparative typology of small stone circles

✔ proximity to round cairns (Bronze Age funerary)

✔ absence of later intrusive features

* No major excavation; dating remains inferential not direct.

**Comparative Monument Clusters**

Useful parallels for scale & function:

* **Merry Maidens** (Cornwall)

* **Bodmin Moor Circles** (Cornwall)

* **Burnmoor Circles** (Cumbria)

* **Rollright Stones** (Oxfordshire)

— Most share folklore of petrification, dancing, or taboo-breaking.

**Folklore & Victorian Reimagining**

* Christian petrification legend (19th c.) attested in:

— **Glover, S. (1829). *History of Derbyshire*.**

— regional antiquarian society papers

* Victorian Druid revival influence:

— “sabbath dancers”, “fiddler/king stone” motif

— aligns Nine Ladies with pan-British folklore template

### **Modern History: Quarry Dispute & Protest**

* Quarry expansion proposals (late 20th–early 21st c.) led to:

✔ long-term protest camp

✔ treehouses & makeshift dwellings

✔ collaboration between druids, environmentalists, walkers & locals

✔ protracted planning & legal process

* Reported in:

— Local & regional press (Derbyshire Times, Peak Advertiser)

— BBC regional coverage

— Archaeology & heritage advocacy (Council for British Archaeology)

— Heritage conservation casework files (Historic England, NPA)

**Consensus Statements**

Most archaeologists agree:

✔ Nine Ladies belongs to prehistoric ritual landscape of Stanton Moor

✔ Cairns → funerary; circle → ceremonial

✔ King Stone = outlier marking threshold/procession

✔ Folklore overlays are post-medieval & Victorian

✔ Monument significance = cumulative, not singular

**Open Interpretive Questions**

Still debated or unknown:

• Function: ritual vs procession vs social gathering

• Astronomical or calendrical alignments (inconclusive)

• Relationship between cairns & circle (sequence/ritual choreography)

• Why small-scale circles persist across Britain despite regional variation

**Accessible Public Sources**

For general audiences:

* Peak District National Park Heritage Pages

* Friends of the Peak District / CPRE materials

* Buxton Museum Prehistory collections

* Visitor guides for Stanton Moor & Nine Ladies

* Local walking books (often surprisingly well researched)