Iran Brought 2 Million Africans In— Then Erased Them
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Iran Brought 2 Million Africans In— Then Erased Them
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The enslaved came from Zanzibar on dhow ships, through the Strait of Hormuz, into the port of Bandar Abbas. Two out of three were women and girls, taken as domestic servants and concubines. When the Treaty of Turkmenchay cut off Iran's access to Caucasian slaves in 1828, the Qajar dynasty turned south — and the African slave trade surged.
In 1848, Muhammad Shah issued a decree banning the maritime slave trade. But the decree contained a deliberate loophole: it banned transport by sea while explicitly authorizing transport by land. The caravans kept moving.
Iran formally abolished slavery on February 7, 1929 — among the last countries in the world to do so. Then the country built a three-layer erasure system: a racial census that was never taken, a climate myth that replaced a slave trade, and a blackface character named Haji Firuz celebrated as folklore every spring while the slavery it depicts goes unspoken.
In 2017, scholar Behnaz Mirzai at Brock University published the first comprehensive history of Iranian slavery ever written. Not the first in English. The first ever. Eighty-eight years after abolition.
SOURCES:
Behnaz Mirzai, "A History of Slavery and Emancipation in Iran, 1800–1929" (University of Texas Press, 2017)
Anthony Lee, "Enslaved African Women in Nineteenth-Century Iran: The Life of Fezzeh Khanom of Shiraz" (Iranian Studies, 2012)
Beeta Baghoolizadeh, UCLA — research on Haji Firuz and racial erasure in Iran
The Collective for Black Iranians
Black History Declassified — Forensic documentaries on the history they buried.
#AfroIranians #IranianSlaveTrade #BlackHistoryDeclassified
CHAPTERS:
0:00 One to Two Million Africans Shipped to Iran
0:30 Zanzibar to Bandar Abbas: The Trade Route
1:05 Treaty of Turkmenchay Shifts the Supply South
1:32 The 1848 Decree and Its Deliberate Loophole
2:01 Enslaved Women Inside Iranian Households
2:25 Fezzeh Khanom: Purchased at Age Seven
3:36 Iran Abolishes Slavery — February 7, 1929
3:53 The Census That Was Never Taken
4:34 The Climate Myth: Blaming the Sun
5:04 Haji Firuz: A Blackface Minstrel Every Spring
6:28 Eighty-Eight Years Before the First Book
7:04 The Collective for Black Iranians Fights Back
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