Late summer can expose the colonies that simply haven't kept pace. Maybe they're late splits, small nucs, colonies recovering from swarming, or colonies that never developed the population you expected. What should you do with them before winter?

In this episode of Honey Bee Obscura, Jim Tew welcomes Anne Frey of Betterbee for a practical conversation about managing small colonies as summer gives way to fall.

Anne and Jim discuss how small a colony can be and still have a reasonable chance of overwintering, along with ways beekeepers can improve those odds. That includes making sure Varroa mites are under control, providing adequate honey and pollen, donating resources from stronger colonies, reducing environmental stresses, adding top insulation, and positioning small colonies so they can benefit from shared warmth.

They also explore overwintering nucs above stronger colonies using double-screen boards, multi-compartment equipment, equalizing colonies with frames of capped brood, and when simply combining two weak colonies may be the better choice.

And what about moving colonies indoors—or even hauling them hundreds of miles south? Jim has stories about both.

The bottom line: small colonies require extra attention, realistic expectations, and sometimes a willingness to cut your losses while protecting valuable drawn comb for another season.

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Thanks to Betterbee for sponsoring today's episode. Betterbee's mission is to support every beekeeper with excellent customer service, continued education and quality equipment. From their colorful and informative catalog to their support of beekeeper educational activities, including this podcast series, Betterbee truly is Beekeepers Serving Beekeepers. See for yourself at www.betterbee.com

We'd like to thank Vita Bee Health for supporting the podcast. Vita provides proven tools for controlling Varroa—from Apistan and Apiguard to the new VarroxSan extended-release oxalic acid strips—helping beekeepers keep stronger, healthier colonies.

Thanks to Bee Culture, the Magazine of American Beekeeping, for their support of Honey Bee Obscura. Available in print and digital at www.beeculture.com

______________________

Honey Bee Obscura is brought to you by Growing Planet Media, LLC, the home of Beekeeping Today Podcast.

Music: Heart & Soul by Gyom, All We Know by Midway Music; Christmas Avenue by Immersive Music; original guitar music by Jeffrey Ott

Cartoons by: John Martin (Beezwax Comics)

Copyright © 2026 by Growing Planet Media, LLC

When should you feed your honey bees—and when is feeding simply masking another problem? In this Honey Bee Obscura Archive Special, we revisit a conversation between Jim Tew and the late Kim Flottum about one of beekeeping's perennial fall questions: fall feeding of colonies in preparation for winter.

Kim and Jim begin with a deceptively simple question: Why are you feeding? A colony may need supplemental food because of poor forage, unfavorable weather, a newly created split, inadequate stores, or another management decision. But feeding can also become what Jim calls a "management Band-Aid"—something that helps a colony through a temporary shortage without addressing why it became short on stores in the first place.

From there, they tackle the practical questions. What should you feed? Thin or thick sugar syrup? Fondant? Dry granulated sugar? And with entrance feeders, top feeders, division-board feeders, and other options available, is there really one "best" method?

For northern beekeepers preparing colonies for winter, Jim and Kim discuss the amount of stored honey they historically looked for and an old but useful technique: weighing or "hefting" a hive to estimate its stores. They explain why learning what a properly provisioned hive feels like can help a beekeeper decide whether intervention is necessary.

Most importantly, they emphasize that meaningful fall feeding can require a significant commitment. Bringing an underweight colony up to adequate winter stores may require gallons of syrup—not simply feeding once and assuming the problem is solved.

The takeaway is classic Jim and Kim: feed when you need to, understand why you need to, and stop when the colony has what it needs.

______________________

Thanks to Betterbee for sponsoring today's episode. Betterbee's mission is to support every beekeeper with excellent customer service, continued education and quality equipment. From their colorful and informative catalog to their support of beekeeper educational activities, including this podcast series, Betterbee truly is Beekeepers Serving Beekeepers. See for yourself at www.betterbee.com

We'd like to thank Vita Bee Health for supporting the podcast. Vita provides proven tools for controlling Varroa—from Apistan and Apiguard to the new VarroxSan extended-release oxalic acid strips—helping beekeepers keep stronger, healthier colonies.

Thanks to Bee Culture, the Magazine of American Beekeeping, for their support of Honey Bee Obscura. Available in print and digital at www.beeculture.com

______________________

Honey Bee Obscura is brought to you by Growing Planet Media, LLC, the home of Beekeeping Today Podcast.

Music: Heart & Soul by Gyom, All We Know by Midway Music; Christmas Avenue by Immersive Music; original guitar music by Jeffrey Ott

Cartoons by: John Martin (Beezwax Comics)

Copyright © 2026 by Growing Planet Media, LLC

What can the average beekeeper realistically plant to help honey bees and other pollinators? Jim Tew is joined by Anne Frey of Betterbee for a practical and sometimes wandering—in the best possible way—conversation about bee forage. They begin with the idea of planting wildflowers and quickly confront the question of scale. If meaningful forage can require substantial acreage, what can a beekeeper with an ordinary backyard actually accomplish?

Anne suggests thinking beyond wildflower plots. A single well-chosen tree, such as an American basswood or linden, can provide an impressive concentration of flowers when it blooms. Jim recalls basswood honey from his years in Maryland and shares the story of a nearby 250-acre farm planted entirely in sunflowers—a spectacular sight that attracted people as readily as it attracted pollinators.

They also talk about soybeans, tulip poplar, bee-bee tree (Evodia), and the temptation beekeepers sometimes have to plant anything honey bees find attractive. That leads to an important caution: a plant being good forage doesn't necessarily mean it belongs in your landscape. Some highly attractive plants can also be invasive.

Ultimately, Jim and Anne arrive at perhaps the easiest approach of all: when possible, leave some land wild. Locally adapted flowering plants—or what we often dismiss as weeds—may provide more benefit than an introduced wildflower mix. And a perfectly manicured lawn? From a bee's perspective, Anne suggests it might not be much better than a parking lot.

You don't need to transform an acre. Plant a native tree, tolerate some untidiness, preserve existing forage, and pay attention to what the bees are already telling you they like.

______________________

Thanks to Betterbee for sponsoring today's episode. Betterbee's mission is to support every beekeeper with excellent customer service, continued education and quality equipment. From their colorful and informative catalog to their support of beekeeper educational activities, including this podcast series, Betterbee truly is Beekeepers Serving Beekeepers. See for yourself at www.betterbee.com

We'd like to thank Vita Bee Health for supporting the podcast. Vita provides proven tools for controlling Varroa—from Apistan and Apiguard to the new VarroxSan extended-release oxalic acid strips—helping beekeepers keep stronger, healthier colonies.

______________________

Honey Bee Obscura is brought to you by Growing Planet Media, LLC, the home of Beekeeping Today Podcast.

Music: Heart & Soul by Gyom, All We Know by Midway Music; Christmas Avenue by Immersive Music; original guitar music by Jeffrey Ott

Cartoons by: John Martin (Beezwax Comics)

Copyright © 2026 by Growing Planet Media, LLC

On a quiet, rainy morning, Jim Tew opens a few fragile old beekeeping books and takes us on an unscripted trip through the practices, tools, and ideas of beekeepers who came before us. Jim explores techniques that once seemed perfectly practical but have largely disappeared from modern apiaries—from tobacco smoke and unusual comb-cutting tools to swarm-catching contraptions, division boards, and methods for transferring bees from box hives. Along the way, he considers old hive designs, the ingenuity attributed to honey bees, and some wonderfully obscure pieces of beekeeping equipment whose purposes aren't always immediately obvious today.

But this episode isn't really about returning to old-fashioned beekeeping. It's about understanding where modern beekeeping came from.

As Jim puts it, he doesn't want to live in the past, but he respects it. Today's Langstroth equipment, hive tools, management techniques, and even our ideas about honey bee genetics represent only a snapshot in beekeeping's continuing evolution. The way we keep bees 25 or 50 years from now may look just as different from today's practices as today's apiary looks compared with one from the nineteenth century.

Jim closes with Fifty Years Among the Bees by C. C. Miller and a reminder that old beekeeping books give us something valuable: a chance to visit another beekeeper's time and place—and perhaps better appreciate our own.

______________________

Thanks to Betterbee for sponsoring today's episode. Betterbee's mission is to support every beekeeper with excellent customer service, continued education and quality equipment. From their colorful and informative catalog to their support of beekeeper educational activities, including this podcast series, Betterbee truly is Beekeepers Serving Beekeepers. See for yourself at www.betterbee.com

We'd like to thank Vita Bee Health for supporting the podcast. Vita provides proven tools for controlling Varroa—from Apistan and Apiguard to the new VarroxSan extended-release oxalic acid strips—helping beekeepers keep stronger, healthier colonies.

______________________

Honey Bee Obscura is brought to you by Growing Planet Media, LLC, the home of Beekeeping Today Podcast.

Music: Heart & Soul by Gyom, All We Know by Midway Music; Christmas Avenue by Immersive Music; original guitar music by Jeffrey Ott

Cartoons by: John Martin (Beezwax Comics)

Copyright © 2026 by Growing Planet Media, LLC

Not every colony survives—and sometimes the best lesson comes from the colonies that don't. This week on Honey Bee Obscura, Jim Tew provides tiny hives update for the listeners and decribes how they're progressing as July draws to a close. One of those colonies belongs to his longtime colleague, Sherry, who rescued a very small swarm earlier in the season. Unfortunately, what Jim finds is a sobering reminder that small, late-season colonies often face overwhelming odds. Mouse activity, almost no flight at the entrance, and the realities of midsummer dearth all point toward a colony that simply never gained enough strength.

Back at his own apiary, Jim examines two similarly small "after swarms" (often called secondary swarms) and reflects on why these tiny colonies form in the first place. He discusses virgin queens, delayed brood production, the challenges of building population late in the season, and why even experienced beekeepers still have unanswered questions about swarm biology.

Along the way, Jim shares a memorable story of a forgotten nucleus colony that unexpectedly survived an entire Ohio winter, reminding us that honey bees occasionally defy our expectations.

The episode concludes with reflections on knowing when not to disturb healthy colonies during summer dearth, accepting that natural losses are part of beekeeping, and embracing the continual learning that keeps even veteran beekeepers curious after decades in the bee yard.

______________________

Thanks to Betterbee for sponsoring today's episode. Betterbee's mission is to support every beekeeper with excellent customer service, continued education and quality equipment. From their colorful and informative catalog to their support of beekeeper educational activities, including this podcast series, Betterbee truly is Beekeepers Serving Beekeepers. See for yourself at www.betterbee.com

We'd like to thank Vita Bee Health for supporting the podcast. Vita provides proven tools for controlling Varroa—from Apistan and Apiguard to the new VarroxSan extended-release oxalic acid strips—helping beekeepers keep stronger, healthier colonies.

______________________

Honey Bee Obscura is brought to you by Growing Planet Media, LLC, the home of Beekeeping Today Podcast.

Music: Heart & Soul by Gyom, All We Know by Midway Music; Christmas Avenue by Immersive Music; original guitar music by Jeffrey Ott

Cartoons by: John Martin (Beezwax Comics)

Copyright © 2026 by Growing Planet Media, LLC

Every beekeeper remembers a few stings that stand out above all the rest.

This week on Honey Bee Obscura, Dr. Jim Tew and Anne Frey share some of their most memorable experiences with honey bee stings—stories that range from painful to humorous, but all serve as reminders that working with bees always deserves respect.

Jim recounts the unforgettable moment when a single bee flew directly into his nostril during an educational demonstration, producing one of the most painful stings of his career. Anne follows with stories of dramatic facial swelling after venturing into the apiary without a veil and discusses how even experienced beekeepers occasionally become a little too confident around their colonies.

Together they explain why these memorable incidents are unusual rather than typical, offering reassurance that most bee stings are minor annoyances for experienced beekeepers. They also discuss practical topics including choosing loose-fitting protective clothing, why baggy bee suits reduce the severity of stings, staying hydrated during summer inspections, and avoiding unnecessary risks in the apiary.

The episode also highlights how experience teaches humility. Even after decades of working bees, both Jim and Anne emphasize that honey bees deserve respect every time a hive is opened.

If you've ever had a sting you'll never forget—or simply want to hear two experienced beekeepers share entertaining stories from years in the apiary—you'll enjoy this week's conversation.

______________________

Thanks to Betterbee for sponsoring today's episode. Betterbee's mission is to support every beekeeper with excellent customer service, continued education and quality equipment. From their colorful and informative catalog to their support of beekeeper educational activities, including this podcast series, Betterbee truly is Beekeepers Serving Beekeepers. See for yourself at www.betterbee.com

We'd like to thank Vita Bee Health for supporting the podcast. Vita provides proven tools for controlling Varroa—from Apistan and Apiguard to the new VarroxSan extended-release oxalic acid strips—helping beekeepers keep stronger, healthier colonies.

______________________

Honey Bee Obscura is brought to you by Growing Planet Media, LLC, the home of Beekeeping Today Podcast.

Music: Heart & Soul by Gyom, All We Know by Midway Music; Christmas Avenue by Immersive Music; original guitar music by Jeffrey Ott

Cartoons by: John Martin (Beezwax Comics)

Copyright © 2026 by Growing Planet Media, LLC

Summer heat changes the way both beekeepers and honey bee colonies operate. In this episode, Jim Tew is joined by Anne Frey of Betterbee to explore what beekeeping in hot weather really means inside and outside the hive.

Jim begins by asking a simple question: are bees actually bothered by heat, or is it mostly the beekeeper who suffers? Anne explains that while honey bees evolved in warm climates and are remarkably effective at regulating hive temperature and humidity, beekeepers should think carefully before disturbing colonies that are already working hard to maintain those conditions.

The discussion highlights the value of simply observing colony entrances rather than opening hives unnecessarily. Entrance activity, pollen collection, fanning behavior, and bearding all provide valuable information while allowing the colony to continue regulating its environment.

Anne also shares practical guidance on managing Varroa mites during hot weather. Different mite treatments have different maximum application temperatures, making product selection especially important during midsummer. She discusses the temperature limitations of Formic Pro®, along with alternatives such as Apiguard®, ApiLife Var®, Apivar®, and repeated oxalic acid dribble treatments depending on colony conditions and local weather.

Jim and Anne finish by discussing water sources, climate differences across North America, and practical ways beekeepers can help colonies during periods of prolonged heat while avoiding unnecessary stress on the bees.

______________________

Thanks to Betterbee for sponsoring today's episode. Betterbee's mission is to support every beekeeper with excellent customer service, continued education and quality equipment. From their colorful and informative catalog to their support of beekeeper educational activities, including this podcast series, Betterbee truly is Beekeepers Serving Beekeepers. See for yourself at www.betterbee.com

We'd like to thank Vita Bee Health for supporting the podcast. Vita provides proven tools for controlling Varroa—from Apistan and Apiguard to the new VarroxSan extended-release oxalic acid strips—helping beekeepers keep stronger, healthier colonies.

______________________

Honey Bee Obscura is brought to you by Growing Planet Media, LLC, the home of Beekeeping Today Podcast.

Music: Heart & Soul by Gyom, All We Know by Midway Music; Christmas Avenue by Immersive Music; original guitar music by Jeffrey Ott

Cartoons by: John Martin (Beezwax Comics)

Copyright © 2026 by Growing Planet Media, LLC

Removing honey from a hive sounds simple until the supers are full.

In this Honey Bee Obscura Archive Special, the late Kim Flottum and Dr. Jim Tew revisit one of the most physically demanding jobs in beekeeping: harvesting honey. They compare their different backyard setups, discuss how they remove bees from honey supers, and explain why careful planning can make the work safer for both the beekeeper and the bees.

Kim describes his streamlined approach using eight-frame medium supers, a utility trailer, and an electric leaf blower to clear bees before transporting supers to his garage. Jim, managing more colonies and heavier equipment, shares why he prefers gasoline-powered blowers, heavy protective clothing, plenty of smoke, and equipment positioned within easy lifting distance.

The conversation also explores alternatives such as escape boards, bee repellents, and strategies for minimizing drifting bees around neighboring properties. Kim and Jim discuss handling the inevitable bees that accompany harvested supers into the extracting room, and why every beekeeper develops techniques that fit their own operation.

As they prepare colonies for late-summer mite treatments and the approaching goldenrod flow, they reflect on the considerable work required to harvest honey—and why every gifted jar of honey should be appreciated as the product of countless hours of labor by both beekeeper and bees.

______________________

Thanks to Betterbee for sponsoring today's episode. Betterbee's mission is to support every beekeeper with excellent customer service, continued education and quality equipment. From their colorful and informative catalog to their support of beekeeper educational activities, including this podcast series, Betterbee truly is Beekeepers Serving Beekeepers. See for yourself at www.betterbee.com

We'd like to thank Vita Bee Health for supporting the podcast. Vita provides proven tools for controlling Varroa—from Apistan and Apiguard to the new VarroxSan extended-release oxalic acid strips—helping beekeepers keep stronger, healthier colonies.

______________________

Honey Bee Obscura is brought to you by Growing Planet Media, LLC, the home of Beekeeping Today Podcast.

Music: Heart & Soul by Gyom, All We Know by Midway Music; Christmas Avenue by Immersive Music; original guitar music by Jeffrey Ott

Cartoons by: John Martin (Beezwax Comics)

Copyright © 2026 by Growing Planet Media, LLC