AI is accelerating the pace of progress for benevolent scientists and nefarious actors alike. We discuss how DARPA is preparing to defend agriculture & civilians from novel biological threats, and why such defense requires training foundation models for biology. We also dive into why DARPA is betting on blood as the operating system for the body, lessons from GLP-1s for human enhancement, how to create computers out of neurons, and much more.

Dr. Michael Koeris directs DARPA's Biological Technologies Office (BTO), the group that leverages biological properties and processes to revolutionize our ability to protect the nation’s warfighters. Prior to DARPA, Dr. Koeris was a highly successful biotech entrepreneur, holds over a dozen patents, and was a professor of bioprocessing.

DARPA is a research & development agency within the Department of War. Created in response to the launch of Sputnik in 1957, DARPA represents America’s commitment to never again face a strategic technical surprise. The agency has funded many transformational technologies, including mRNA vaccines which were pivotal during COVID.

Kris Borer is an entrepreneur, angel investor, and author of the new book Radical Life Extension.

We discuss why Kris rejects incrementalist approaches to radical life extension, and his argument that supplement, lifestyle interventions and small-molecule "geroscience" drugs offer only minor improvements at best to life span.

We cover the four part plan to cure aging spanning traditional drugs, advanced bioengineering, tissue/organ replacement, and biostasis (cryopreservation), and we dive deep for the first time on the podcast into replacement: body transplants, lab-grown organs, chimeric organ donors and even... brain replacement.

Resources & Links:

• Kris’s Book: Radical Life Extension

• Longevity Biotech Fellowship

• Repair Biotechnologies

• The Economic Laws of Scientific Research

• Tomorrow Biostasis
  

Jonathan Anomaly is a co-founder of Herasight and former PPE professor. Herasight is pioneering polygenic screening for embryos, to help parents undergoing IVF select embryos for health, intelligence, height, and other traits people care about.

We discuss the ethics of embryo selection and radical life extension. Jonathan has a Nietzschean view of humanity: within each of us we have the opportunity to either envy greatness in others, or seek to cultivate it within ourselves and in the world. In an era of total biological control, humanity can transcend its limitations and become something better.

Watch on YouTube. Read the transcript.

Twelve months ago, we didn’t have working antibody design models. Now we have models that can compress 18 month design timelines down to one month, and agents that can collapse weeks of work by expert protein designers to an afternoon. This is an exciting time.

Simon Kohl is a former Google DeepMind research scientist on the Nobel Prize–winning AlphaFold 2 team, and is now the founder and CEO of Latent Labs, a startup that is building a future where AI agents can design safe, effective and personalized drugs at the push of a button for every patient. With 3 frontier models released in just 9 months, this future is coming quickly.

Elliot Hershberg is a partner at Amplify Partners and author of the popular blog Century of Biology. In this episode, we talk about GLP-1s as a breakthrough moment for biotech, why drug development is starting to behave like software, and how falling discovery costs could finally free biotech startups from selling themselves to pharma.

We also talk about Elliot’s "massive markets, medium prices" thesis, the rise of consumer and "n-of-one" medicine, and Sid Sijbrandij going founder mode on his cancer by measuring himself, using AI to build a pipeline of personalized therapies, and is now disease-free.

Thank you to SynBioBeta for hosting us at their conference, where we recorded this episode, and several others we’ll be releasing soon!

Check out Elliot's blog at centuryofbio.com

Dr. James Peyer is founder and CEO of Cambrian Bio. James has spent two decades working to bring the first longevity drug to market. In this time, he’s brought over $500M into the field as a whole, and now has multiple drugs in clinical trials that could plausibly prove to be… the first true longevity drugs, or gerotherapeutics.

In today’s episode, we dive into the history of the geroscience field. We discuss what makes geroscience’s approach to drug development so unique, how to unlock the flywheel of innovation that will get us longevity escape velocity, and Amplifier Therapeutics' “zone 2 in a pill”... which might prove to be the first ever true, longevity drug.

Nathan Cheng is an activist who has dedicated his life and career to defeating aging and death. After going through an existential crisis and dropping out of a Physics PhD, Nathan discovered the longevity movement and became one of the most prolific activists in the space. He is a founder of Longevity Biotech Fellowship, Vitalism Foundation, Longevity List, Longevity Marketcap and a General Partner at Healthspan Capital.

In this conversation, we reflect on the absurdity of questioning people like Nathan why they choose to dedicate themselves to fighting aging (when it’s the thing that kills over 100k people per day), why longevity is underinvested into, and much more.

Resources:

• Longevity Biotech Fellowship: https://www.longbiofellowship.org/

• Vitalism: vitalism.io

• Join us at Vitalist Bay! vitalistbay.com

Today’s guest is Kexin Huang. Kexin recently raised $13.5M from Andreessen Horowitz and Menlo Ventures in partnership with Anthropic, to build Phylo - a research lab studying agentic biology. Phylo’s first product is Biomni, the world’s first open source IBE or Integrated Biology Environment for conducting agentic biology research. They intend to do for biology what the IDE did for software.

Kexin completed his PhD in Computer Science at Stanford, where he was advised by Jure Leskovec on artificial intelligence for healthcare and biology. As a PhD student Kexin garnered over 10,000 citations, published in Nature and earned six best paper awards at leading machine learning conferences, all this before the age of 30.

Kexin has earned a reputation as one of the brightest minds in AI for life sciences. You’ll see why in today’s conversation.