A city made of light, a wheel that defied gravity, and a nation determined to outshine Paris—Chicago’s 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition had it all. We trace the World’s Fair lineage from the Crystal Palace through Paris’s Eiffel Tower to a windswept stretch of Lake Michigan where Frederick Law Olmsted and Daniel Burnham fought sand, snow, strikes, and a recession to build the White City and the Midway. Along the way, we meet the audacious engineers who birthed the Ferris wheel, the showmen who turned culture into spectacle, and the politicians whose egos powered a once-in-a-century gamble.

We go behind the glamor to examine how world’s fairs defined “progress” as an industrial brand and a national story. The Midway’s “ethnological” exhibits flattened cultures into sideshows, and Frederick Douglass’s critique exposes how Black contributions were sidelined despite thousands of patents shaping American industry. We talk Sol Bloom’s catchy but corrosive songs, the absence and misrepresentation baked into the fair’s design, and the hard truth that spectacle can both inspire and distort. Yet wonder persisted: Houdini packed crowds, postcards flew across the country, and first tastes of hamburgers and soda gave everyday visitors a flavor of the future.

What remains is a complicated legacy: 27 million visits in six months, the first profitable fair, and civic institutions that lasted long after the plaster peeled. Chicago proved it could build beauty, not just throughput, even as Mayor Carter Harrison’s final proud words were followed by tragedy. We hold both truths: the ingenuity that created icons like the Ferris wheel and the responsibility to credit the people and cultures that made modernity possible. If you love urban planning, design history, engineering feats, or the messy stories behind national myths, this one’s for you. Subscribe, share with a friend who loves history, and leave a review telling us what surprised you most.