In 1922, the Greeks and the remaining Armenians in what is now Turkey were forced to leave their homeland, and the properties they left behind were termed "abandoned property" (emval-i metruke). This legal designation implied that the absent owners still held their property rights and were represented by the state. However, in practice, their homes, lands, and belongings were confiscated. These assets were repurposed to satisfy the immediate housing needs of the remaining population, distributed among the wealthy and powerful, and sold at public auctions. Initially, only a small portion of the abandoned property was under the control of the new Ankara government, which was eager to use it as a source of revenue for its strained finances. Before this could be fully realized, the government encountered various forms of both active and passive resistance: homeless individuals and refugees took over the "abandoned" properties, while members of parliament were initially hesitant to pass laws that would legitimize government control over these assets. Beginning in 1924, the compensation for incoming migrants from Greece (the so-called exchangees) threatened the state's financial stability and created friction between the newcomers and the existing residents. By exploring these aspects of the "abandoned property" situation, this book offers important insights into the socio-economic and political history of early republican Turkey.

The revival and unity movement led by Naum Faiq gave rise to numerous influential individuals who greatly shaped the young Assyrian national movement through their literary works. Among Naum Faiq's long-time collaborators was Senharib Balley (1878-1971), who became a notable champion for the national cause, actively promoting it through his writings.

In his early years, Balley's family endured tragedy during the 1895 massacres in Amid (Diyarbakir), resulting in the deaths of his father and one brother, while he himself suffered serious injuries. In his hometown, he quickly rose to prominence as a key figure in the Intibah movement at the turn of the 20th century, playing an essential role in its growth across Upper Mesopotamia.

In the United States, Senharib Balley's name has become closely associated with the founding of various organizations, including the Assyrian American National Federation, which he co-founded in 1913. Even a few years before his death, he continued to share his insights on current Assyrian issues through different magazines.

Balley's extensive writings and correspondence provide readers with a window into the intellectual discussions that took place during a difficult fifty-year span for our people. Yet, in many respects, these works inspire a sense of bravery and assurance regarding national identity and the necessity of safeguarding it.

What drove over 15,000 people from the former Soviet bloc to enlist in ISIS, making up nearly a third of the group's foreign fighters?

In this insightful study, renowned journalist Katerina Sergatskova explores one of the most overlooked facets of global terrorism. Drawing on years of investigative journalism from Georgia, Turkey, Iraq, and Ukraine, she reveals the personal stories of ISIS recruits, their families, and even those falsely accused of ties to the organization.

Through engaging interviews and groundbreaking reporting, Sergatskova highlights how post-Soviet fighters shaped ISIS, the group's growth into the Caucasus, and the unexpected role Ukraine has played as a sanctuary for some of its veterans.

Alongside this narrative, she connects modern extremist networks to historical figures like Dzhokhar Dudayev and Shamil Basayev, illustrating how past conflicts have laid the groundwork for ISIS's reach.

This examination is not only deeply human but also carries significant geopolitical weight, challenging common perceptions about terrorism, migration, and security in the post-Soviet context — underscoring the necessity of grasping these dynamics for global stability.

Bringing together insights from fifty distinguished and emerging scholars, *The I.B. Tauris Handbook of the Late Ottoman Empire* delves into the academic discourse that has developed in recent decades regarding the Late Ottoman period and its enduring impacts. The handbook is structured into seven chronological sections, comprising thirty-four chapters and eight additional essays, guiding readers from the late eighteenth century through to the early twenty-first century. The initial two sections concentrate on the Ottoman Empire before the Young Turk Revolution of 1908. Section III examines diachronic themes such as Arab and Kurdish nationalism, missionaries, and Zionism. Sections IV and V focus on the post-1908 era, characterized by the emergence of the Young Turks (notably the Committee of Union and Progress), the Great War, and considerable violence. Section VI addresses the treaty system established after the Great War and its long-lasting effects, while Section VII explores the post-Ottoman realities that are closely linked to the late Ottoman legacy. This volume also features two bibliographies, a timeline of political events, and a reflective afterword on the current state of the field. By analyzing the scholarship and its interdisciplinary aspects, and highlighting mass violence as a crucial element in the region's history, this handbook serves as an invaluable resource for researchers, diplomats, students, and general readers.

Ethiopia has captivated observers since ancient times. This book provides a novel perspective on Ethiopian history up to the year 1500, beginning with the Aksumite civilization at the dawn of the Common Era. It revisits well-known stories such as the narrative of the Queen of Sheba, scrutinizes the ascent and decline of Aksum, investigates the role of Muslims and Islam in Ethiopian society, and underscores the architectural wonders of Lalibela’s rock-hewn churches. By concentrating on the Golden Age of the early Solomonic rulers, the book integrates the latest research to deliver a clearer and more nuanced understanding of this rich history than ever before.

This year commemorates the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, a time when the United States is grappling with profound challenges to its legal structure, governance systems, and civic values. The foundational principles of pluralism are being questioned. The nation is witnessing deep political divides, worries that the economic framework is failing to provide equal opportunities, and a technological upheaval that could transform our understanding of what it means to be human. This anthology brings together more than 50 legal scholars from the Harvard Law School faculty to explore this crucial moment in American law and governance. Edited by Alexandra Natapoff and Guy-Uriel Charles, this collection focuses on the audacious experiment in American legal governance that began in 1776, a topic that remains hotly contested after 250 years. Some essays examine the recent surge in executive power, particularly its alarming willingness to resort to violence, both domestically and internationally. Other essays probe the persistent divides among workers, consumers, and markets, posing difficult questions about democratic accountability in our market-driven economy. Furthermore, some contributors reflect on the future of our knowledge and governance institutions as they navigate the challenges posed by technological and informational disruptions. Engaging and thought-provoking, this collection not only enriches essential discussions crucial for a thriving democracy at this pivotal moment but also for the future.

Following the defection of Soviet cipher clerk Igor Gouzenko in 1945, Canada was stunned by the alarming revelation that some of its own citizens were engaged in espionage for the Soviet Union. This research explores how the Canadian government utilized the controversial Kellock-Taschereau Commission—sometimes judiciously and at other times recklessly—to uncover and eliminate domestic spies during the early Cold War period. Drawing on a diverse range of sources, including the Commission’s comprehensive records, GRU documents supplied by Gouzenko, American Venona decryptions, Soviet KGB archives, and recently declassified files from British MI5 and MI6, authors Reinhold Kramer and Tom Mitchell offer a detailed account of the crisis. They reveal that, despite certain errors concerning civil liberties, the government's suspicions were largely justified. The book intricately weaves together the evidence against the spies, the tactics of Soviet espionage, the complex legal challenges encountered by the state, and the resulting political fallout. With access to hundreds of newly released British intelligence documents, this study provides both experts and general readers with fresh insights into the espionage crisis of 1945–46 and its significant role in exposing Canada’s postwar security and intelligence vulnerabilities.

In 1760, after Montcalm's defeat at the Plains of Abraham, the French Empire was permanently ousted from the Saint Lawrence Valley. This historical event is well-known. However, it is less recognized that this pivotal victory traces back nearly a century earlier, when settler colonial systems began to take root on the edges of the Maritime Peninsula, which includes modern-day Quebec, Maritime Canada, and New England. Historian Thomas Peace employs the idea of spaces of power to demonstrate that, despite changes in imperial control and settler colonial advances into their lands, the local Mi’kmaw, Wabanaki, Peskotomuhkati, Wolastoqiyik, and Wendat nations viewed the contested Peninsula as a cohesive whole, rather than a territory divided by later colonial lines. This intriguing history illustrates how the intertwined concepts of space and power—deeply shaped by Indigenous agency and diplomacy—affected interactions in the eighteenth-century Maritime Peninsula. Additionally, it underscores how, following the end of the Seven Years’ War, this narrative was largely neglected as settlers flooded the Peninsula, laying the groundwork for the formation of Canada and the United States.