What's the difference between a scam and a fraud?

Do you have the same reaction when told someone has been scammed as you would if you'd been told they'd been the victim of fraud?

That's the question we look at in this week's episode as we look at a paper entitled "More than splitting hairs: Exploring trivialisation and harmful narrative distortion in the synonymous use of ‘scam’ and ‘fraud’".

It is authored by Elisabeth Carter, Jack Mark Whittaker, and Tim Day, and published in the journal Crime Media Culture.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/17416590251393960

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When faced with a potentially dangerous situation, at what point do the public think it's right to call the police?

Do different demographics asses risk differently and what are the triggers that motivate dialling 999?

The title of the work is "Should I Call the Police?’ Exploring Public Views on Whether to Invoke Police in Incidents Involving People with Vulnerabilities". The authors are David Rowlands, Christine A. Weirich, Ben Bradford and Adam Crawford published in The British Journal of Criminology in 2025.

https://academic.oup.com/bjc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/bjc/azaf118/8407384

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Our expectations of how the police behave are rightly high. Forces have those expectations too and use a variety of methods to identify officers who are at risk of behaviour incompatible with their role as upholders of the law.

This week's episode looks at research which questions whether the current frameworks for monitoring officers misses a major cohort of miscreants.

The paper is called "Fire Without Smoke: Understanding Spontaneous Career Ending Police Misconduct." It was authored by Timothy I. C. Cubitt, Morven Brown, and Matthew Bland, and published in the journal Police Quarterly.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/10986111251414963

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Criminal gangs have been part of our society since well before we had a police force.

In most cases, they limit their role in communities to simply providing illicit services. Some though go further and start to act as informal systems of governance. They play a role which in normal circumstances would be the preserve of the state.

In this week's episode we look at a paper called , "Criminal governance in a large European city: The case of gangs in London." It’s written by Paolo Campana, Federico Varese, and Cecilia Meneghini, and published in the European Journal of Criminology.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14773708251315581

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At one time, brown envelopes were the method by which illicit money moved through football.

With the game now global, has it's scale opened it up to significant risk of falling prey to far more malign forces.

In this week's episode we look at recent report titled "Staying Onside – English Football, Illicit Finance, and the Incoming AML Regime" by Dr Peter Duncan and Professor Nicholas Lord.

https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/1667911388/DuncanLord_2025_Football_ownership_report.pdf

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In todays episode we look a new piece of research which explores how young people convicted of murder process their actions, frame their own blameworthiness and interpret the context of their crimes.

What impact do these three insights have a young person convicted of murder and how do they impact any hope of rehabilitation?

It's a paper called The Moral Weight of Murder by Dr Susie Hulley and is published in the British Journal of Criminology.

https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azaf089

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The National Crime Agency estimate that £100 billion of criminal cash passes through the UK financial markets every year.

There may be a vast network of global obligations in place to prevent money laundering, but is the system fit for purpose?

The research discussed today is "How Well Does the Money Laundering Control System Work?".

It was authored by Mirko Nazzari and Peter Reuter, and you can find it published in the journal Crime and Justice.

https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/735665?journalCode=cj

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In this week’s episode, I explore how the DNA of a perpetrator can be transferred by and to our four legged friends.

The paper in this episode is called "Investigation of human DNA transfer during mock dog- napping: and was authored by Heidi Monkman, Roland A.H. van Oorschot, Volgin Luke and Mariya Goray. It was published in the journal Forensic Science International

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0379073825003688

If you’ve read some research you think others should know about, drop me a message via the link in the show notes.

And, if you yourself have new work coming out and would like it covered, please, get in touch.

https://linktr.ee/APerspectiveOnCrime

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