What if the reason thyroid eye disease feels so confusing is because it requires more than one specialist to treat it well?

In this episode of Modern Thyroid and Wellness, host McCall McPherson sits down with Dr. Sean Paul, a board-certified oculoplastic and orbital surgeon based in Austin, Texas, to explore thyroid eye disease (TED) from diagnosis through advanced treatment.

Dr. Paul explains what thyroid eye disease really is, why it is often underdiagnosed, and how it impacts both vision and quality of life. The conversation covers medical therapy, biologic treatments like Tepezza (teprotumumab), surgical options, and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. They also discuss emerging trends in aesthetic and reconstructive eye surgery, regenerative skin treatments, and why long-term maintenance and skin health matter just as much as procedures.

This episode offers clarity, hope, and practical guidance for anyone struggling with thyroid eye disease, Graves’ disease, or eye changes related to autoimmune thyroid conditions.

👤 About the Guest: Dr. Sean Paul

Dr. Sean Paul is a fellowship-trained oculoplastic and orbital surgeon and the founder of Austin Face and Body. He completed medical school in San Antonio and trained extensively in ophthalmology and oculoplastic surgery, with early experience in reconstructive eye surgery at Brooke Army Medical Center during Operation Iraqi Freedom.

Dr. Paul specializes in thyroid eye disease, orbital inflammation, eyelid reconstruction, and aesthetic facial surgery, blending functional restoration with natural-appearing cosmetic outcomes. His practice focuses on both medical necessity and patient confidence.

🔑 Key Topics Covered

1. What thyroid eye disease is and why it is an autoimmune orbital inflammatory condition
2. The connection between TED and Graves’ disease, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism
3. Early and subtle symptoms of thyroid eye disease, including dryness, redness, eyelid asymmetry, and double vision
4. Why thyroid eye disease is frequently underdiagnosed
5. The difference between active inflammatory disease and “quiet” or chronic disease
6. The emotional and social impact of eye changes in Graves’ disease
7. How oculoplastic and orbital surgeons are trained and what makes them different from general ophthalmologists
8. Medical treatment options including steroids, radiation, and biologic therapy
9. Tepezza (teprotumumab): how it works, how it is administered, and potential side effects including hearing changes
10. Surgical options for thyroid eye disease:
11. Orbital decompression (fat and bone)
12. Strabismus (eye muscle) surgery
13. Eyelid retraction repair
14. Typical recovery timelines and why disease