『40s Forward』のカバーアート

40s Forward

40s Forward

著者： Dr. Betsy Greenleaf
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40s Forward Podcast Life after 40 isn't about slowing down—it's about leveling up 40s Forward is the podcast for high-achieving men and women who want more energy, sharper focus, stronger bodies, better sex, and longer healthspan. Hosted by Dr. Betsy Greenleaf, board-certified physician and founder of the International Pause Institute, each episode blends cutting-edge medical insight with real-world strategies for optimizing midlife performance. From hormones, metabolism, and longevity to biohacking, peptides, sexual wellness, and mindset, this show delivers science without hype for people who invest in their health the same way they invest in their success. This isn't anti-aging. It's forward living.2025 代替医療・補完医療 衛生・健康的な生活
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  • S132 Testosterone Explained: Why Women Need It Too | Hormones 101 with Dr. Betsy Greenleaf

    S132 Testosterone Explained: Why Women Need It Too | Hormones 101 with Dr. Betsy Greenleaf
    2026/10/12
    In this solo episode of 40s Forward, Dr. Betsy Greenleaf continues her Hormones 101 series with a deep dive into testosterone, one of the most misunderstood hormones in medicine. Testosterone isn't just about muscles, masculinity, or sex drive. Women need testosterone too! It influences the brain, bones, metabolism, cardiovascular system, skin, and sexual function. Dr. Greenleaf explores how testosterone is produced, why levels change with age, the relationship between testosterone and estrogen, symptoms of low and high testosterone, hormone testing, testosterone replacement therapy, and the science behind common testosterone myths. What You'll Learn in This Episode • Why testosterone is a human hormone, not just a male hormone • How testosterone is made from cholesterol • Where women and men produce testosterone • How testosterone converts into estrogen and DHT • Why testosterone matters for muscle, bone, brain, and sexual health • How testosterone levels change during aging and menopause • Symptoms associated with low and high testosterone • Why testosterone isn't the answer to every libido problem • What SHBG means and why total testosterone isn't the whole story • What research says about testosterone replacement therapy • Why hormone therapy requires personalized evaluation and monitoring How Does Your Body Make Testosterone? Testosterone begins with cholesterol, the building block of steroid hormones. Through a series of biochemical reactions, cholesterol becomes pregnenolone, DHEA, androstenedione, and eventually testosterone. Testosterone can then follow two important pathways: • Aromatase: Converts testosterone into estradiol, an important estrogen • 5-alpha-reductase: Converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a more potent androgen Men produce most of their testosterone in the testes, while women produce testosterone through the ovaries, adrenal glands, and conversion in peripheral tissues. Why Women Need Testosterone Testosterone does much more than influence sexual desire. Androgen receptors are found throughout the body, including the brain, muscles, bones, cardiovascular system, skin, and hair follicles. Testosterone contributes to: • Muscle maintenance and physical function • Bone health • Sexual desire and arousal • Brain function and mood • Skin and hair physiology • Overall reproductive and endocrine function Dr. Greenleaf explains why testosterone deserves attention in women's health, particularly during midlife. Testosterone, Menopause & Aging Testosterone levels change throughout life, but aging doesn't automatically mean everyone needs testosterone replacement. Women may experience changes in androgen levels during their reproductive years, perimenopause, and menopause. Symptoms such as fatigue, reduced libido, mood changes, and decreased physical performance can have multiple causes. That's why evaluating the whole person matters more than treating a single laboratory number. Testosterone and Sexual Desire Can testosterone improve libido? Sometimes—but sexual desire is far more complicated than a hormone level. Relationships, emotional connection, stress, sleep, medications, mental health, and other hormones all influence sexual wellness. Dr. Greenleaf discusses evidence supporting testosterone therapy for appropriately evaluated postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). Testosterone can be a valuable tool, but it isn't a universal solution for low libido. What Happens When Testosterone Is Too High? More testosterone isn't always better. Excess testosterone can contribute to: • Acne and oily skin • Excess facial or body hair • Scalp hair thinning • Other androgen-related side effects Dr. Greenleaf also explains why testosterone metabolites and individual sensitivity influence how the body responds. Why Testosterone Testing Matters A testosterone number alone doesn't tell the whole story. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) affects how much testosterone is available to tissues. Understanding total testosterone, free testosterone, SHBG, symptoms, and clinical history can help practitioners make more informed decisions. Testosterone Replacement Therapy: What Does Science Say? For men with confirmed hypogonadism, testosterone replacement therapy may improve certain symptoms when appropriately prescribed. For women, the strongest evidence supports testosterone therapy for postmenopausal HSDD following comprehensive assessment. Hormone treatment requires individualized risk-benefit discussions, appropriate dosing, and ongoing monitoring. Natural or bioidentical does not automatically mean risk-free. Key Takeaways • Testosterone is essential to both women's and men's physiology • Testosterone is produced from cholesterol • Testosterone can convert into estrogen or DHT • Testosterone influences muscle, bone, brain, and sexual health • Low libido isn't always caused by low testosterone • ...
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    24 分
  • S131 Estrogen Explained: What Every Woman Should Know About This Powerful Hormone

    S131 Estrogen Explained: What Every Woman Should Know About This Powerful Hormone
    2026/10/01
    What if estrogen isn't simply a "female hormone" or something that disappears during menopause? In this solo episode of 40s Forward, Dr. Betsy Greenleaf continues her Hormones 101 series with a deep dive into estrogen—one of the most misunderstood hormones in the human body. Estrogen influences far more than reproduction. It plays important roles in the brain, bones, cardiovascular system, skin, sexual health, urinary health, metabolism, immune function, and even the mitochondria that help power your cells. Dr. Greenleaf explores how estrogen is made, the different types of estrogen, what happens during menopause, bioidentical hormones, estrogen metabolism, hormone replacement therapy, and why decades of fear surrounding estrogen deserve a closer look. What You'll Learn in This Episode • What estrogen actually does throughout the body • Why both women AND men need estrogen • How cholesterol is used to make steroid hormones • How stress can influence hormone production and reproductive function • The difference between estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), estriol (E3), and estetrol (E4) • How testosterone can be converted into estrogen through aromatase • Why estrogen continues to be produced after menopause • How body composition can influence estrogen levels • How estrogen affects the brain, bones, heart, skin, vagina, bladder, and sexual health • What "bioidentical estrogen" actually means • Why different hormone delivery methods have different effects and risks • How the Women's Health Initiative changed the way women and physicians viewed hormone therapy • Common myths about estrogen and menopause How Does Your Body Make Estrogen? Estrogen doesn't simply appear in the ovaries. The steroid hormone pathway begins with cholesterol. Cholesterol is converted into pregnenolone, which can travel through pathways leading to progesterone, DHEA, testosterone, estrogen, and other steroid hormones. Through an enzyme called aromatase, testosterone can be converted into estradiol. Aromatase is found in tissues including the ovaries, fat, brain, skin, bone, placenta, and cardiovascular system. This is one reason estrogen doesn't completely disappear after menopause—and why men need estrogen too. Estrogen Is a Whole-Body Hormone Estrogen receptors are located throughout the body. In the brain, estrogen influences neurotransmitters, mitochondrial function, glucose metabolism, neuronal connections, mood, memory, and cognition. In bone, estrogen helps regulate the balance between bone breakdown and rebuilding. Declining estrogen during menopause contributes to increased osteoporosis and fracture risk. Estrogen also affects collagen, skin, cardiovascular function, vaginal tissue, bladder health, sexual function, and urinary symptoms. That's why menopause can feel like so much more than hot flashes. Bioidentical vs. Non-Bioidentical Estrogen "Bioidentical" describes molecular structure—not whether a hormone came from a pharmacy or compounding pharmacy. Bioidentical estradiol has the same molecular structure as estradiol produced by the human body, and many FDA-approved hormone products contain bioidentical estradiol. Compounded hormones can also be bioidentical, but "bioidentical" does not automatically mean compounded, safer, or more effective. Estrogen can also be delivered orally, transdermally, vaginally, or by other routes, each with different pharmacologic effects and risk profiles. Why Did Estrogen Become So Feared? The 2002 Women's Health Initiative dramatically changed public perception of menopausal hormone therapy. Headlines focused on breast cancer, stroke, and cardiovascular risk, leading many women to stop hormone therapy and many clinicians to become reluctant to prescribe it. Dr. Greenleaf discusses why the type of hormones studied, age of participants, timing of therapy, and differences between study groups matter when interpreting those findings. Estrogen Myths Estrogen is not simply a reproductive hormone. Men need estrogen too. Menopause doesn't mean the body suddenly stops benefiting from estrogen. And the relationship between estrogen and breast cancer is more complex than saying "estrogen causes cancer." Genetics, lifestyle, body composition, alcohol, inflammation, reproductive history, environmental exposures, hormone formulation, and other factors can influence individual risk. Key Takeaways • Estrogen affects nearly every major organ system • Women and men both need estrogen • Cholesterol is necessary for steroid hormone production • Estrogen doesn't completely disappear after menopause • Estradiol, estrone, and estriol have different biological activity • Estrogen supports brain, bone, cardiovascular, skin, pelvic, and sexual health • Bioidentical does not automatically mean compounded • Hormone therapy should be individualized based on benefits, risks, symptoms, timing, and health history Future episodes will explore estrogen metabolism, estrogen ...
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    48 分
  • S1E30 Hormones 101: What They Are, How They Work & Why They Matter After 40

    S1E30 Hormones 101: What They Are, How They Work & Why They Matter After 40
    2026/09/20
    What if the fatigue, weight changes, brain fog, poor sleep, anxiety, low libido, or changes in your workouts aren't simply signs of getting older? In this solo episode of 40s Forward, Dr. Betsy Greenleaf goes back to the basics with Hormones 101—a foundational guide to what hormones actually are, how they communicate throughout the body, and why understanding them becomes increasingly important after 40. This episode kicks off a deeper hormone series exploring estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, thyroid hormones, cortisol, insulin, DHEA, oxytocin, growth hormone, and more. What You'll Learn in This Episode • What hormones actually are and how they communicate with your cells • Where hormones are produced throughout the body • How hormonal feedback loops maintain balance • Why hormones affect much more than reproduction • How hormones influence mood, memory, metabolism, sleep, skin, bones, and libido • Why hormonal changes often become noticeable after 40 • The roles of estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, and thyroid hormones • Why hormones never work independently • How stress, nutrition, sleep, inflammation, the microbiome, and genetics interact with hormones • Why hormone therapy should be individualized What Are Hormones? Think of your body as an enormous company with trillions of employees. Your cells perform different jobs, but they need a way to communicate. Hormones are those messengers. Produced throughout the body, hormones travel through the bloodstream carrying instructions that influence growth, repair, metabolism, blood sugar, bone health, sleep, hunger, mood, sexual desire, reproduction, and much more. Hormones don't do the work themselves—they tell your cells what to do. Your Body Is an Endocrine Network Hormones don't come only from the ovaries or testes. The brain, pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes, fat tissue, intestines, kidneys, heart, bones, and muscles all participate in this sophisticated communication network. Dr. Greenleaf explains hormonal feedback loops using the analogy of a thermostat: the body constantly senses what it needs and adjusts its signals to maintain balance, or homeostasis. Hormones Are Life Hormones Estrogen isn't just about periods and reproduction. Testosterone isn't just about muscle and sex drive. Progesterone isn't only about pregnancy. These hormones influence the brain, bones, cardiovascular system, metabolism, immune function, mood, energy, sleep, skin, pelvic health, and more. Thyroid hormones also play an essential role in metabolism, temperature regulation, heart rate, digestion, hair, skin, nails, brain function, and energy production. Why Everything Can Feel Different After 40 Hormones rarely disappear overnight. They fluctuate and change over time. That may show up as: • Fatigue • Weight gain • Anxiety or mood changes • Brain fog or memory changes • Aching joints • Low motivation • Lower sex drive • Sleep disruption • Skin changes • Workouts that suddenly don't seem to work These symptoms aren't always caused by hormones—but hormones interact with nearly every system involved. Don't Chase Hormones—Chase Physiology One of Dr. Greenleaf's most important messages is that hormone optimization is about more than simply replacing a number on a lab test. Nutrition, sleep, stress, movement, genetics, inflammation, environmental exposures, medications, trauma, and the microbiome can all influence how your body produces, processes, and responds to hormones. That's why hormone therapy isn't one-size-fits-all. Do You Need Hormone Replacement Therapy? Hormones can be a valuable tool, but Dr. Greenleaf emphasizes individualized decision-making. Whether to start hormone therapy, continue it, or eventually stop should involve an informed conversation about your symptoms, health, risks, goals, and quality of life—not a blanket recommendation that everyone should or shouldn't take hormones. Key Takeaways • Hormones are chemical messengers affecting nearly every body system • Hormonal health is about much more than reproduction • Estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and thyroid hormones have widespread effects • Hormonal changes can contribute to symptoms after 40 • Hormones interact with sleep, stress, nutrition, inflammation, and the microbiome • Hormone therapy should be personalized • Understanding your hormones can help you better understand your body Who This Episode Is For • Women and men over 40 noticing changes in how they feel • Anyone navigating perimenopause, menopause, or andropause • People experiencing fatigue, weight changes, brain fog, poor sleep, or low libido • Anyone considering hormone replacement therapy • People interested in functional, integrative, and preventive health Resources PauseLabs: pauselabs.health International Pause Institute: pauseinstitute.com Key Quote "We don't chase the hormones. We chase the physiology." ...
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    43 分
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