A quick note: This episode was recorded just days before PCOS was officially renamed PMOS, polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome, in a global consensus published in The Lancet in June. You'll hear us use PCOS throughout the conversation. Same condition, new name, and funny enough, we spend part of the episode talking about how much the old one never quite fit.

PCOS, now PMOS, affects 10 to 13 percent of women, roughly 1 in 8. It is the most common endocrine condition in women, and it is still underdiagnosed and often misunderstood.

Dr. Madeline Kaye is a board-certified OBGYN whose grandfather trained under Dr. Irving Stein, one of the two physicians PCOS was originally named after (Stein-Leventhal syndrome). Generations later, Dr. Kaye is doing the careful, comprehensive work this condition requires.

We cover:

• The renaming of PCOS to PMOS and what it reflects about the science
• What PMOS is and how it is diagnosed
• Why insulin resistance sits at the center of so many symptoms
• The hormonal dance of a normal menstrual cycle and what goes wrong in PMOS
• Irregular periods, acne, unwanted hair growth, hair loss, weight, sleep apnea, and mood disorders
• Why women with PMOS carry a higher premenopausal risk for endometrial cancer, and how to protect against it
• Birth control: band-aid or true treatment
• Lifestyle as the foundation: nutrition, exercise, sleep, and stress
• Supplements: what do we think about inositol (dose, ratio, what to expect), vitamin D, berberine, and spearmint tea?
• Metformin, GLP-1s, and the new oral options changing the game
• Fertility considerations and how to optimize before conception
• Spironolactone and the androgen symptom toolkit

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